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Autobiographical works by women such as Lillian D. Harriet Lane Levy’s 920 O’Farrell Street (1947) and Sophie Ruskay’s Horsecars and Cobblestones (1949) offer personal views of Jewish girlhood just before the role of women began to be questioned. As the status and role of women in American and Jewish life began to change, more and more American Jewish women turned to autobiographical writing as a means of documenting these changes and addressing questions of American, Jewish, and female identity. At the turn of the century, middle-class American Jewish women, like their gentile counterparts, began to turn away from the tenets of Victorian “True Womanhood” and became increasingly involved in the women’s movement-in the campaign for female suffrage, birth control, and greater educational/vocational opportunities for women. Several sociohistorical factors contributed to the rise of American Jewish woman’s autobiographical writing during this period. This plethora of female Jewish autobiographical writing is especially striking given that scholars know of only a handful of autobiographies by Jewish women before the twentieth century.